Bone Health In Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

An Overview Of The Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, And Management

Authors

  • Laura Targownik, MD Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Toronto Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • Pablo Olivera, MD Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Toronto Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58931/cibdt.2024.2125

Abstract

Metabolic bone disease is prevalent in persons with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Within these conditions the most common are osteoporosis and reduced bone mineral density (BMD), often termed osteopenia in adult patients, and refer to a decreased mineralization of the bone matrix. This decreased mineralization weakens the resistance of the bone to external forces, thus increasing the risk of fractures when external compressive or deforming forces are applied. Osteoporosis is asymptomatic in the absence of a fracture, and diagnosis generally occurs through the use of programmatic screening (most commonly dual energy x-ray absorption [DEXA]) or incidentally following the occurrence of a fracture. Osteoporosis is defined as a DEXA-measured BMD at the lumbar spine or proximal femur which falls more than 2.5 standard deviations below the mean value for healthy young adults (known as a T-score). BMD decreases of a lesser degree (a T-score falling between -1 and -2.5) are referred to as osteopenia. Osteoporosis is a major public health concern, owing to the significant morbidity and mortality that is attributed to fractures. While fractures may represent a time-limited hardship among persons in otherwise good health and function, major osteoporosis-related fractures, especially those of the femur and spine, can lead to permanent disability and premature mortality. In Canada, approximately 150 people per 100,000 suffer a hip fracture per year, which confers a 3-fold higher risk of mortality.

Author Biographies

Laura Targownik, MD, Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Toronto Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Dr. Laura Targownik is a clinical researcher at Mount Sinai Hospital with a focus of epidemiology of IBD, and is the Departmental Division Director of the University of Toronto Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.

Pablo Olivera, MD, Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Toronto Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Dr. Olivera is an Advanced IBD Fellow at Mount Sinai Hospital. Concurrently, he is pursuing a Master of Science degree in the Clinical Epidemiology & Health Care Research program at the Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto. His current research focuses on elucidating the myriad comorbidities that afflict older adults living with IBD. Specifically, he focuses on understanding the effect of disease course and treatment interventions on comorbid conditions and their outcomes in this subpopulation.

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Published

2024-06-05

How to Cite

1.
Targownik L, Olivera P. Bone Health In Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): An Overview Of The Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, And Management. Can IBD Today [Internet]. 2024 Jun. 5 [cited 2024 Dec. 1];2(1):29–35. Available from: https://canadianibdtoday.com/article/view/2-1-targownik_et_al

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