Management of Clostridioides Difficile in IBD Patients

Authors

  • Jeffery M. Venner, MD Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba
  • Harminder Singh, MD Departments of Internal Medicine, Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58931/cibdt.2023.1319

Abstract

Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) is an anaerobic, spore-forming, Gram-positive bacterium. C. difficile is the most frequently reported nosocomial pathogen. C. difficile is also the most commonly identified pathogen associated with antibiotic-associated diarrhea, responsible for up to 30% of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Spores are transmitted via the fecal-oral route, and acquisition of C. difficile in the healthcare setting is generally by contaminated hands or surfaces. C. difficile has two monoglycosyltransferase virulence factors that are responsible for damage to the intestinal mucosa, enterotoxin A (TcdA) and cytotoxin B (TcdB). These two enzymes enter intestinal epithelium through receptor-mediated endocytosis and irreversibly inactive Rho GTPases. This ultimately disrupts the cytoskeleton and tight junctions, resulting in a loss of parenchymal polarity and eventual apoptosis.

Author Biographies

Jeffery M. Venner, MD, Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba

Dr. Jeffery Venner is currently a PGY-5 Gastroenterology Fellow at the University of Manitoba (Winnipeg, Canada). He completed his core Internal Medicine training at the University of Manitoba in 2022, and he received his MD (2018) from the University of Queensland (Brisbane, Australia). Dr. Venner also has a MSc (2011) in Experimental Medicine with a focus in molecular immunology and a BSc (Honors in Immunology and Infection, 2008), both from the University of Alberta (Edmonton, Canada). Upon completion his gastroenterology training, Dr. Venner will undertake a postdoctoral research fellowship and an advanced clinical fellowship in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Dr. Venner’s research interests are in combining various high-throughput molecular assays (e.g. microarrays, spatial transcriptomics) with clinical variables (e.g. endoscopy and histology) to improve our understanding of disease phenotypes and mechanisms, particularly in IBD. Dr. Venner is the recipient of several awards, including from CIHR, and is well on his way to becoming a well published clinician scientist, with publications already in Circulation, Gastroenterology Report, JCI Insight, and the American Journal of Transplantation.

Harminder Singh, MD, Departments of Internal Medicine, Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba

Dr. Harminder Singh is a clinician scientist with research interests in assessing and improving health care outcomes in IBD and gastrointestinal cancers (in particular colorectal cancer (CRC). He is the Director of Research of the Canadian IBD Research Consortium (CIRC), a member of the Canadian Gastro-Intestinal Epidemiology Consortium (CanGIEC), and a co-author of the Burden of IBD Reports for Crohn’s and Colitis Canada. He has lead studies assessing health care outcomes among individuals with IBD, including skin cancers, cervical cancer precursors, colorectal cancer, screening for cancers, risk of clostridium difficile infections, educational outcomes among those with IBD and care of elderly with IBD. He has a large clinical practice of individuals with IBD.

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Published

2023-10-30

How to Cite

1.
Venner JM, Singh H. Management of Clostridioides Difficile in IBD Patients. Can IBD Today [Internet]. 2023 Oct. 30 [cited 2024 Dec. 22];1(3):31–36. Available from: https://canadianibdtoday.com/article/view/1-3-venner_singh

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Volume 1, Issue 3, October 2023

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